Introduction to Photovoltaic Modules and 21 Common Quality Issues -3

　　Reasons for Bubble Formation

　　1. If the vacuum temperature time of the laminating machine is too short and the temperature is set too low or too high, bubbles may appear;

　　2. If the interior is not clean and there are foreign objects, bubbles may appear;

　　3. If the size of the insulation strip is too large or too small, it can cause bubbles.

　　Component impact:

　　1. Component bubbles can affect delamination Serious consequences may lead to scrapping.

　　Preventive measures:

　　1. The setting of vacuum pumping time and temperature parameters for the laminating machine should be strictly in accordance with the process requirements;

　　2. Welding and stacking processes should pay attention to cleaning within 5 seconds;

　　3. The cutting size of insulation strips must be strictly required for cutting and inspection.

　　Reasons for hot spots and delamination

　　1. Foreign objects on the surface during component repair can cause hot spots;

　　2. Insufficient welding adhesion can cause hot spots;

　　3. The temperature, time, and other parameters of delamination and lamination do not meet the standards.

　　Component impact:

　　1. Hot spots cause component power attenuation and failure, or directly lead to component burning and scrapping;

　　2. Delamination leads to power attenuation or failure of components, affecting their lifespan and causing them to be scrapped.

　　Preventive measures:

　　1. Strictly follow the repair SOP requirements and pay attention to the inspection after repair for 5 seconds;

　　2. The temperature of the soldering iron at the welding point and the control of the welding machine time should comply with the standards;

　　3. Regularly check whether the parameters of the laminating machine meet the process requirements At the same time, it is necessary to conduct cross-linking degree experiments on time to ensure that the cross-linking degree meets the requirement of 85% ± 5%.

　　Reasons for EVA delamination

　　1. The cross-linking degree is not qualified Caused by factors such as low temperature of the laminating machine and short laminating time;

　　2. Foreign objects on the surfaces of raw materials such as EVA, glass, and backboards;

　　Uneven composition of EVA raw materials (such as ethylene and vinyl acetate) results in failure to dissolve at normal temperatures, leading to delamination.

　　Component impact:

　　1. Delamination can cause water ingress inside the component, resulting in internal short circuits and component failure to scrap.

　　Preventive measures:

　　1. Strictly control important parameters such as temperature and time of the laminating machine, and regularly conduct cross-linking degree experiments as required. Ensure that the crosslinking degree meets the requirement of 85% ± 5%;

　　2. Strengthen the improvement of raw material suppliers and raw material inspection;

　　3. Strengthen the appearance inspection of finished products during the manufacturing process.

　　【 Inefficient Reasons 】

　　1. Mixing low-grade battery cells into high-grade components (raw material mixing/process mixing).

　　Component impact:

　　1. Affects the overall power of the components to decrease, resulting in a significant attenuation of component power in a short period of time;

　　2. Inefficient areas will generate heat and burn components.

　　Preventive measures:

　　When placing battery cells on the production line, different grades of battery cells should be distinguished to avoid mixing. The grade of battery cells in the repair area should also be labeled to avoid misuse;

　　EL testers must strictly inspect to avoid the loss of low efficiency chips.

　　Reasons for silicone bubbles and gaps

　　1. Silicone bubbles and gaps are mainly caused by bubbles in the silicone raw material or unstable air pressure of the air gun;

　　2. The main reason for the gaps is due to employees' non-standard glue application techniques.

　　Component impact:

　　1. Rainwater will enter areas with gaps, and when rainwater enters, the components will heat up during operation, causing delamination.

　　Preventive measures:

　　1. Please ask the raw material manufacturer to improve and strengthen IQC inspection;

　　2. The personnel's glue application technique should be standardized;

　　3. After the glue is applied, the personnel perform their own actions The cleaning personnel conduct strict inspections.

　　Reason for missing glue application

　　1. Personnel are not diligent in their work, resulting in missed glue application;

　　2. The placement of production line components is not standardized, and personnel pull the wrong products into the next process.

　　Component impact:

　　1. Failure to apply glue may cause rainwater or moisture to enter, resulting in the ignition of electrical components.

　　Preventive measures:

　　1. Strengthen personnel skill training and enhance self inspection awareness;

　　2. The production line is strictly arranged according to the principle of product three determinations to avoid misuse;

　　3. Strictly inspect the cleaning components and packaging to avoid any defects or omissions.

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